Foreword.

Water softeners are units which eliminate calcium and magnesium salts from water, which determine the hardness of the water. The treatment is referred to as "water softening" and consists in replacing said calcium and magnesium salts (salts which are not easily dissolved) with the corresponding sodium salts (which are highly soluble).
The elimination of the hardness of the water may be total or partial, depending on the specific use the water is intended for. The water softeners may be equipped with "untreated/softened water" mixing devices, which enable the desired hardness to be obtained.
The process of replacing the salts is performed by using ion-exchange resins. These resins, once exhausted, are "regenerated" using a solution of sodium chloride: common coarse salt. The regeneration of the resins can be controlled either automatically - on a "time" or "volume" basis - or manually.
The COMMERCIAL water softeners solve the problems created by the hardness of the water in various civilian and industrial environments.
In fact, it is common knowledge that the hardness of water causes the formation of scale in electric household appliances (washing machines, dishwashers, boilers, etc.), in thermohydraulic equipment and plants in general (steam generators, cooling towers, etc.). The hardness of the water has a negative effect on the quality of the end product of a number of industries (dyeing plants, tanneries, laundries, etc.), which may compromise their succes in the respective sectors.

Choosing a water softener.

When choosing a water softener, the fundamental parameter is represented by the quantity of the water with a certain hardness which can be softened during the course of a cycle, i.e. between one regeneration and the next (Cyclic production).
Multiplying the quantity of water to be softened by the value of the hardness expressed in ºF (1º Fr. equals 10 ppm of CaCO3), the resulting value must fall between the "normal" and "maximum" values indicated in the table. Consequently, it must be ensured that the hourly rate of flow falls within the range of minimum and maximum values indicated.
In the selection table, each water softener model features the "normal cycle" and "maximum cycle" referring to the respective salt consumption.

Versions:

The COMMERCIAL line water softeners are available in the following versions:
ATC: time-activated regeneration
AVC: volume activated regeneration
DUPLEX: made up of two water softeners operating in an exchange configuration, i.e. with one "working" while the other is being "regenerated" or pending work.

Operating features:

• Min./max. operating pressure: 2-7 bar
• Min./max. operating temperature: 5/40 ºC
• Supply voltage/frequency: 220V 50 Hz
• Max pressure drop when in Operation : 10 water column
• Washing required (average) : daily
• Resin regeneration time : 110 minutes
• Regeneration start-up : time-or volume-based